Jabari Stafford
English 112, HIS 101
Stephen Brandon, Janet Sheperd
4/26/13
1) A. Protestant Reformation – “the
protestant reformation was a major 16th century European movement
aimed initially at reforming the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic
Church.” This was started by Martin Luther from Germany during the 16th
century.
Citations: 1. “The Protestant
Reformation.” The Protestant Reformation. N.p., n.d. Web 19Apr.2013.
2.
http:www.thefreedictionary.com/Protestant+Reformation, Farlex, n.d. Web
B. Indentured Servant- “settler who
signed on for a temporary period of servitude to a master in exchange for
passage to the New World
Citations: 1. Foner, Eric.
“Glossary.” Give Me Liberty 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &,
2012. N. pag.Print
C. Puritanism – a movement within the
church of England, which was started to purify the Church of England.
“Calvinist theology and polity proved
to be major influences in the in the formation of Puritan teachings.”
Citations: 1. “Puritanism (religion).”
Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2013
D. Mercantilism – “Policy of great
Britain and other imperial powers of regulating the economies of colonies to
benefit the mother country. “
“The government should regulate
economic activity so as to promote national power.”
Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. Give Me
Liberty. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. Print
E. Republic – “a political system or
form of government in which people elect representatives to exercise power for
them.
F. Manumission – “ the formal act of
freeing from slavery.”
Citation: 1 “WordNet Search – 3.1.
“WordNetSearch – 3.1 N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2013
G. Capitalism – promotes prosperity,
democracy, and peace. An economic system on a free market, open competition,
profit motive and private ownership of the means of production.
Citations: “Capitalism.” Definition.
N.p., n.d. Web 22 Apr.2013.
H. Industrialization –
I. Universal Male Suffrage –
J. Share Cropping – type of form
tenancy that developed after the Civil War in which land-less workers –often
former slaves—farmed land in exchange for farm supplies and a share of the
crop. Sharecropping took place a lot in VA and NC.
Citations: Foner, Eric. Give Me
Liberty. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton and, 2012 Print.
2) Who were Hernan Cortes and
Mocetezuma and how did they change North America history?
Cortez was a general of the
Spaniards. He took over the most powerful empire on the American Continent with
only about 500 men. Mocetezuma was an Aztec emperor, approximately the 9th.
He ruled an empire of about 5 million individuals.
Citations: 1. “War and Battle
Directory.” History Curriculum Homeschool. Heritage –History, n.d. Web. 23
Apr.2013
2. “Mocetezuma II.” Mocetezuma II.
N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2013
8) What is the middle passage? The
middle passage linked Europe, Africa, and America. A voyage across the
Atlantic.
Sources: 1. Give Me Liberty Seagulls
Third Edition Pg. 135
4) How did Opechancanough change
Virginia and U.S. history? His rebellions and surprise attacks changed
Virginia.
Sources: 1. Give Me Liberty Seagulls
Third Edition Pg.60-61
5) What and when was the Restoration
and how did it impact the British empire and the colonies?
6) Who were Roger Williams and Anne
Hutchinson and how did they change U.S. history? Roger Williams is the founder
of Rhode Island. Anne Hutchinson believed in woman rights and fought for them.
She is the first American feminist. She lived under the Puritan rule.
Citations: 1. “Anne Hutchinson
(American Religious Leader).” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia
Britannica, n.d. Web.23 Apr.2013.
2. “Roger Williams.” History.com. A&E
Television Networks, n.d. Web.23 Apr.2013
7) What and when was the Glorious
Revolution and how did it affect the U.S. and American Politics? The Glorious
Revolution was in 1688, and it “established parliamentary supremacy once and
for all and secured the Protestant succession to the throne.
Citations: Foner, Eric. “3 Creating
Anglo-America.” Give Me Liberty . 3rd.Ed New York: W.W. Norton
&, 2012.105.Print.
3) What is the Columbia Exchange? The
transatlantic flow of goods and people. People learned new cultures, foods, and
languages.
Sources:
Give Me Liberty Seagulls Third Edition Pg.22
9) Who
were the Tories and how did they affect the development of American politics in
the 1700s? They were found in 1834 to unite factions opposed to President
Andrew Jackson. They favored federal responsibility. Tories were the opposite
of the Whigs and were for the king.
Citations:
“Whig and Tory (historical British Political Party).” Encyclopedia Britannica
Online, Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 23. Apr.2013.
10) Who
was John Peter Zenger and how is he significant to civil rights? His famous
trial for freedom of press took place in 1735. He was tried for seditious
libel. He was found not guilty.
Citations:
Foner, Eric. “Chapter 4 Slavery, Freedom, and The Struggle For Empire.” Give Me
Liberty, 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. 156-57. Print
11) What
is the Riot Act?
12) What
happened at the Lexington and Concord and when did it happen? The first battle
of the revolutionary war, on April19, 1775. “Approximately 100 minutemen and
250 British soldiers were killed.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd ed. New York: W.W.
Norton &, 2012. A:69 Print.
13)Who
was Lord Cornwallis? He was the British commander in the south. He encamped at
Yorktown on a peninsula. “October 19, 1781, Cornwallis surrendered his army of
8,000 men.”
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Chapter 5 The American Revolution.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd
ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 201.209.Print.
14) What
is the Bill of Rights and why is it so significant? The first ten amendments to
the U.S. Constitution. It guarantees individual rights against infringement by
the federal government.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd Ed. New York: W.W.
Norton &, 2012. A:58.Print.
15) Who
is Daniel Shays and how did he change American History? He started a rebellion
in 1787 for debt relief through issuance of paper currency and lower taxes. He
was from Massachusetts.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd ed. New York: W.W.
Norton &,2012. A:78.Print.
16) Who
were Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr and how did their relationship affect
American History? Aaron Burr was from New York and represented the republicans
with Thomas Jefferson as his running mate. Alexander Hamilton was “a youthful
leader of the nationalists of the 1780s.” He was born on in the West Indies in
1755. Their animosity towards one another caused a duel between the which
resulted in Hamilton’s death.
Citations:
1. Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr Dueled to the Death.” Alexander Hamilton
and Aaron Burr Dueled to the Death. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2013
2. Foner, Eric Give Me Liberty. 3rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton
&, 2012.Print.
17) Who
was Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and what role did he play in American politics?
He was a South Carolina delegate. He explained “such bills generally begin with
declaring that all men are by nature born free,” a declaration that would come
“with a very bad grace, when a large part of our property consists in men who
are actually born slaves.”
18) Who
was John Marshall and how did he repeatedly affect U.S. history? He became a
chief justice later in life. John Marshall’s supreme court had much power.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty. 3rd Ed. New York: W. W. Norton
&, 2012.Print.
19) A.
Stamp Act – This took place in 1765. “Parliament required that revenue stamps
be affixed to all colonial printed matter, documents, and playing cards. The
act was repealed the following year.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd Ed. New York: W.W.
Norton &, 2012. A:79.Print.
B.
Intolerable Acts – These acts united the colonies in opposition to what was widely seen as a
direct threat to their political freedom. These laws were passed by the British
Parliament.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Chapter 5 The American Revolution.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd
Ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.N.pag.Print.
C.
Northwest Ordinance – This took place in 1787. The ordinance created the
Northwest Territory. North of the Ohio River and West of Pennsylvania
prohibited slavery.
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd ed. New York: W.W.
Norton &, 2012. A:73. Print
D.
Sedition Act – This took place in 1918, and 1798.
“In 191,
the Sedition Act made it a crime to make spoken or printed statements that
intended to cast “contempt, scorn, or disrepute.” (Pg. 732)
Citations:
1. Foner, Eric. “Chapter 19 Safe For Democracy.” Give Me Liberty. 3rd
ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.N.pag.Print
E.
Marbury vs. Madison- first U.S. Supreme Court decision to declare a federal law
– the Judiciary Act of 1801 –unconstitutional. This included William Marbury
and Madison.
Source :
Give ME Liberty Textbook Seagulls 3rd Edition
F.
Missouri Compromise – deal proposed by Kentucky Senator Henry Clay in 1820 to
resolve the slave/free imbalance in Congress that would result from Missouri’s
admission as a slave state. Slavery was prohibited in the remainder of the
Louisiana Territory North of the Southern border of Missouri.
G.
Compromise of 1850 – Complex compromise devised by Senator Henry Clay that
admitted California as a Free State.
H. Dred
Scott v. Sandford – U.S. Supreme Court decision in which Chief Justice Roger B.
Taney ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories.
Source:
Give Me Liberty Seagulls 3rd edition Glossary A:62
I.
13th
Amendment – this amendment was passed in 1865 I believe. It abolished slavery
and any involuntary servitude.
Source: Give Me Liberty A:51
J. Compromise of 1877 – This resolved
the disputed election of 1876. This marked the end of reconstruction also.
Source: A:60
20) Who was John C. Calhoun and how
did he repeatedly affect American history between 1800 and 1850? He was the
most prominent political philosopher in the pre-Civil War south. He was from SC
and also was pro-slavery.
21) Who was Eli Whitney and how did
he change both U.S. and economic history? He was from Georgia, and a Yale
graduate. He invented the cotton gin, which separated the seed from cotton.
This caused the United States to produce 5 million pounds of cotton.
22) Who were Gabriel Prosser and Nat
Turner and what role did they play in the history of slavery? Nat Turner was
the best known of all slave rebels. From South Hampton County, Virginia. He
also started a slave rebellion. Gabriel Prosser was an artisan from Richmond, Virginia.
He also led a famous slave revolt.
Source: ushistory.org/us/20f.asp
23) Who was Dorothea Dix and what
significant role did she play in U.S. politics and women history? Dorothea Dix
was a Massachusetts school teacher. She wanted more humane treatment of the
insane, and was the cause of many mental hospitals made in 28 different states.
24) What was the Trail of Tears?
Cherokees own term for their forced removal. This took place in 1838-1839 from
the Southeast to Indian lands. Plenty were forced to march, and a lot died on
the way.
25) Who were Frederick Douglass and
William Lloyd Garrison? Frederick Douglass was an influential African American
from the 19th century. He wrote, “He who has endured the cruel pangs
of slavery is the man to advocate liberty.” William Lloyd Garrison was an
abolitionist. He also had a pamphlet named “Thoughts On African Colonization.”
26) Who was John Brown and what role
did he play in starting the Civil War? John Brown was an abolitionist who was
very religious. He was involved in many anti-slavery activities. For two years
he promoted a war against slavery by enlisting followers.
27) What and when were Gettysburg and
Vicksburg, and what was their significance to the Civil War? It was in southern
Pennsylvania, July 1-3, 1863; The confederates lost at Vicksburg, and this was
the turning point of the war.
Source: Give Me Liberty Seagulls
Third Edition Glossary A:65
28) Who were John Wilkes Booth,
Samuel Mudd, and Mary Surratt and how are they connected to the Lincoln
assassination? John Wilkes Booth was the man who supposedly fired the shot that
killed Lincoln. Samuel Mudd was connected as a doctor. His patient, John Wilkes
Booth was Lincoln’s killer. He lied in the commission and did not reveal his
knowledge of the incident. He also did not like Lincoln and his anti-slavery
beliefs. Mary Surratt admitted to plotting to kidnap the president. Her son was
Booth’s right hand-man.
Sources: 1.
Law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/Lincolnconspiracy/mudd.html
29) What was the Freed Man’s Bureau?
The reconstruction agency established in 1865 to protect the legal rights of
former slaves and to assist with their education, jobs, health care, and
land-owning.
Source: A:65 Give Me Liberty Seagulls
Third Edition
30) Who were Andrew Johnson and Edwin
M. Stanton and how did their rivalry affect Reconstruction and American
history? Andrew Johnson was a politician from Tennessee. Edwin M. Stanton was a
secretary of war. He was from Ohio and was anti-slavery. Stanton used his power
to foster stricter Reconstruction than the President wanted. He also worked
with Johnson’s enemies.
Source:
Britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/563295/Edwin-M-Stanton
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