Class Evaluation/Recap - History 121 And English 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

5/1/13

                                English 112 History 121 Evaluation/ Recap

                From the college experience, so far I have learned a vast amount of facts, techniques, strategies and more, especially in the English 112, and History 121 learning community throughout college. My history 121 instructor Miss Janet Shepherd taught us strictly about history, as Dr. Brandon would have us write about the new information received from her class session. These assignments included activities such as; rhetorical analyses, research papers, revisions, and evaluations. The knowledge gained from each class can bring forth a successful future for each and every one of the students in the classroom.

                The collaboration of the two classes is beneficial because it combines the time, the subject, and lessens the difficulty of both classes. I would not say it is the easiest class, but it is a much better, faster, and effective way to learn the subjects. Without the learning community, it either would take longer to finish the class, or just be a little more complicated. Every student in the English 112 and history 121 has not just learned about the subject, but has also grasped a better aspect of life.

                In History 121, with Ms. Shepherd, the class learned something new every day. While listening to Miss Shepherd’s lecture, it made me think back and put myself in the 1700’s and 1800’s. I ask myself, “What would I do in these harsh living conditions?” I would not say the living conditions now are perfect, but I feel they are better than before, being that there is no limit on women’s rights, no stifles on minorities and no slavery. I am sure this does not only satisfy me, but also people such as women, African-Americans, and Native Americans. It also motivates me to change the world to make it better, whether it is through politics, through music, or whatever it takes. I have learned a lot although my test scores were not the best, or I was not on time every day. I definitely feel if I could practice time management more, it would show much improvement. My history 121 class taught valuable information and has an impact on my future.

                Dr. Brandon’s English 112 class was totally different compared to Miss Janet’s class. The purpose of the class is to learn how to be a better communicator, which is called rhetoric. His lectures made the class think more intellectual. There were numerous writing assignments we completed in English. Out of all the rhetorical analyses, research papers, and memos; I think the most entertaining assignments were the extra credit Lincoln analysis and the Ray Puglia research paper/biography. The reason I enjoyed the Lincoln assignment is because I always wanted to learn more about Lincoln’s personal life and his process abolishing slavery. The Ray Puglia biography was interesting because he was not a famous soldier in the marines which made it a more challenging task. It also helped the class to interact with one another in a group. The English 112 also helped the students improve in delivering assignments electronically. Electronic publishing is important because a student can be absent and be capable of completing it while at home. Even though I did not talk as much as everyone in class, I understood each lesson, each day and participated when I was asked to. Altogether, the lectures and assignments from Dr. Brandon’s English 112 taught the students, how to become a better communicator. Rhetoric is a lesson that could be utilized everyday to succeed throughout life.

                There are many skills I could develop, or enhance while learning in school, and everyday life. First of all, studying habits are a huge part of whether a student passes or fails. Time management is making sure all assignments are done in a certain amount of time. Different activities can interfere with time management such as; a job, friends, or other classes. I have not yet perfected time management, but it has definitely improved. I am working on making time for studying, still being able to participate in other activities, and being to class on time in the morning. Usually, I would finish an assignment at the last minute, or study three days before a test. Hopefully, I will be able to effectively manage my time in the future.

                Another reason I enjoyed my teachers are because any student will have a teacher who actually puts in effort to help them pass the class. The attributes these instructors retain are intelligence, awareness and concern. Whether they have to extend a date, stay after class, or meet early in the morning, they would make a way to help the student. As teachers they know about the subject, and also know what is going on around the world. I most certainly appreciate the extra help given by the professors.

                In conclusion, the classes I attended were extremely rewarding towards my success. I believe if I continue to keep the information I have learned, in my mind, it could help me succeed in my career. For my next semester, I would definitely look into these two instructors teaching in another class of mine. English 112 and History 121 have instilled information and life lessons in my mind which I will never forget, and will utilize to prosper in my future career.

               

                

Ray Puglia Conclusions And Speculations 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

                                                      Ray Puglia Conclusions And Speculations

Rhetorical Analysis On Lincoln Gettysburg Address Extra Credit 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

02/21/13

Rhetorical Analysis: Gettysburg Address

            These words of wisdom from Abraham Lincoln changed the world in many beneficial ways. He gave the Gettysburg Address on November 19, 1863. During this time Abraham Lincoln was the President of the United States. This speech went down in history and is currently one of the most powerful words ever given. The main reason this is such an influential speech is because it brought our nation back together as one. There are also a few other reasons around this main one. First of all, it talked about the past, the present, and the future. It talked about the past simply by the first line in the address. “Four score and seven years ago…” This means eighty-seven years ago, which refers to the past. Our forefathers such as the explorers, the monarchs, and many other heroic figures were given much credit in his miniature speech. He spoke about the present by mentioning the Civil War. The Civil War was a war fought between the north and south of the nation. Better known as the “Union and the Confederation.” This gave the nation a question about themselves. The question being, “Is America built to have success with one another and long endure as a nation?” The future was also spoken about in his speech mainly in the last line where he said”…that this nation, under God, shall have new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish form the earth. This choice of words recognized our future freedom and what is to come. I think by Abraham Lincoln giving this small, but powerful speech, altered the nation in a prominent manner. It changed people’s thought process about the nation’s prosperity. If Lincoln did not share this speech, the United States of America will possibly be completely different from what it is on this very day. Abe Lincoln used many rhetorical appeals in his speech. First of all, pathos is used by Lincoln holding up heroic figures. By paying respect to the heroic figures he also used epodaih. Secondly, logos, was used when he spoke about the forefathers, and ancestors of the nation and what they did in the past. Word choice was used to strengthen the speech also. He utilized the words “four score and seven years ago” rather than simply saying eighty seven years ago. He also used “we” instead of “I” to ensure he included the people. The other example with his good choice of words is in the last few words of the speech. “…that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we were highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain…” All of this speech had a great effect on his audience. The angry audience sympathized when Lincoln brings forth the idea to the people that there is still a challenge ahead. So the people have put in their minds that the nation should prosper in honor of their loved-ones, fallen comrades and others who died. This was an overall successful speech to help the United States of America to become a better place. Thanks to Lincoln and many other historical figures we can look forward to the American dream. 

Notes From Classes History 121 English 112

What Is An American? English 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

2/1/2013                                  

     What Is An American?

 What is an American? Many believe America to be a place of opportunity, freedom and happiness. But there are also many cons as pros while being an American citizen. I am definitely not saying America is not a great place to live, but it is most certainly not the perfect country. I truly enjoy being a legal American citizen. If you are not very familiar with America, I promise you it will be one of the best experiences and a beneficial change in residence. There are a medium amount of cons while living in the United States of America. First of all, everyone is sure that pretty much every country has a crime rate. Statistics show, the United States of America has one of the highest reported crime rates in the world. Usually a human being does not want to live in an area where there is too much trouble and crime. Although, there is a high crime rate it does not completely defeat the fact that America is a great place to live. Second of all, America is strict on charging for health care. In a few other countries they are not strict on healthcare. In America, there are stereotypical individuals who have paradigms about immigrants. A paradigm is a preconceived perspective by a person towards another. For instance, someone is from Italy, goes to a restaurant in America, and is asked “would they like some pasta.” This is a prime example of stereotypes, but just not as intense and offensive. This is not right but it is something that happens often in America. These are also one of the most detrimental cons. There is a very bad disadvantage for green card holders because they do not have the right to vote. These are the only few reasons to not live in America to the best of my knowledge. On the other hand there are many advantages to living in the United States of America. In the United States a legal immigrant from another country can come and stay as long as they feel they want to. There are also many attractions in many different cities. Places such as New York, Orlando, Los Angeles, Honolulu, Philadelphia and many more states. There is always something new in every state. For example, Las Vegas, Nevada, has many casinos, Orlando has Disney World, and Washington is known for having the white house and many memorial parks. Once you visualize all of the attractions, you probably may consider becoming an American citizen because there is much entertainment depending on which city you decide to visit or stay in. Another great reason to consider America a beneficial country is the opportunities available to individuals. The main reason the United States is a place of “opportunity” is because of the businesses. When there are many businesses, there is a much greater chance for success. I believe it is also because of the better chance of getting employed in America. Another reason, which I have mentioned before, is the “freedom” in the United States. Freedom meaning there are many things you can do which you will not be able to do in another country. This includes, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of press, and many more freedoms. Freedom of religion, meaning you are able to believe whatever you would like and will not be criticized or penalized for it. In some countries people are executed and tortured just because of their beliefs. It is definitely the wrong thing to do because no person should be punished or hurt for their way of life. Freedom of speech, meaning you and anyone else is allowed to say what you feel. For example, if there is someone you are not familiar with and do not like, you can say, “I don’t like you.” I feel freedom of religion, and freedom of speech somewhat tie into the same category. Both are telling you that you can say what you feel, and feel what you would like to say. Freedom of press is slightly different because it is dealing with electronics, such as radios, newspapers, television and many other sources of media.  For example, I could have a radio interview, and I could tell who I voted for, and express why I made the decision. Yes, there will be people who do not agree, but it does not matter because it is my opinion. There is also freedom of movement, which means we can travel to Antarctica or Australia whenever we would like to. Some of the travelers may have certain conditions put on their visa until they are on Australian citizen. There is also another great freedom. This is freedom of assembly, which is quite similar to freedom of speech but is just acting on it. It also has to be in a non-violent manner which will not infringe on the rights of others in any way. You cannot trespass on private property or public property either. All of these freedoms makes America somewhat a better place. Without these freedoms there is now way we would be able to communicate, or express our feelings at all.  These five most important freedoms are some of the main reasons I would recommend a foreigner to come to America. In America, technology plays a huge role through all of these freedoms. Without the technology many tasks would not be able to be completed.  Some may prefer not to utilize technology because it can get complicated for certain individuals although once you learn and grasp the skill it would make life much easier. Another benefit America has is clean water. In some other countries there is contaminated or dirty water. You cannot drink water from the lakes or oceans as you possibly can in the United States. This also leads to seafood that is not good to consume such as fish, oysters, and shrimp. It could possibly cause you to become sick or possibly even worse result in death. In America it is usually safe to drink water. Another advantage is the right to obtain a United States passport in America. Immigrants in America can increase the workforce and also diversity. They have a great impact on America’s overall economy. From my personal experience I could say America is one of the best places to live. In conclusion, the important benefits would cause many people to have the desire to come to America. As of now, I personally would not want to move any place else. There are so many attractions and entertainment that different individuals would be interested in visiting. Every city has something new to capture your attention. Although, there is much crime there is a low chance of me being involved in the incident. I enjoy being able to speak up for myself and expressing my opinion of someone else even though somebody may or may not like my statement. I am grateful to live in a country where there are not as much worries as there are in other countries. There are a vast amount of benefits, advantages, and profit in America and these are reasons to live in America. I would definitely consider living in America because it will be a joyous experience. It is a lot different from the many other countries in the world. An American is an individual who lives where there is freedom and opportunity which opens doors towards success. I am truly proud to be a citizen of The United States of America.

30 Extra Credit Questions Janet Shepherd History 121 English 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112, HIS 101

Stephen Brandon, Janet Sheperd

4/26/13

1)      A. Protestant Reformation – “the protestant reformation was a major 16^th century European movement aimed initially at reforming the beliefs and practices of the Roman Catholic Church.” This was started by Martin Luther from Germany during the 16^th century.

Citations: 1. “The Protestant Reformation.” The Protestant Reformation. N.p., n.d. Web 19Apr.2013.

                 2. http:www.thefreedictionary.com/Protestant+Reformation, Farlex, n.d. Web

B. Indentured Servant- “settler who signed on for a temporary period of servitude to a master in exchange for passage to the New World

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. N. pag.Print

C. Puritanism – a movement within the church of England, which was started to purify the Church of England.

“Calvinist theology and polity proved to be major influences in the in the formation of Puritan teachings.”

Citations: 1. “Puritanism (religion).” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2013

D. Mercantilism – “Policy of great Britain and other imperial powers of regulating the economies of colonies to benefit the mother country. “

“The government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.”

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. Print

E. Republic – “a political system or form of government in which people elect representatives to exercise power for them.

F. Manumission – “ the formal act of freeing from slavery.”

Citation: 1 “WordNet Search – 3.1. “WordNetSearch – 3.1 N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Apr. 2013

G. Capitalism – promotes prosperity, democracy, and peace. An economic system on a free market, open competition, profit motive and private ownership of the means of production.

Citations: “Capitalism.” Definition. N.p., n.d. Web 22 Apr.2013.

H. Industrialization –

I. Universal Male Suffrage –

J. Share Cropping – type of form tenancy that developed after the Civil War in which land-less workers –often former slaves—farmed land in exchange for farm supplies and a share of the crop. Sharecropping took place a lot in VA and NC.

Citations: Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton and, 2012 Print.

2) Who were Hernan Cortes and Mocetezuma and how did they change North America history?

Cortez was a general of the Spaniards. He took over the most powerful empire on the American Continent with only about 500 men. Mocetezuma was an Aztec emperor, approximately the 9^th. He ruled an empire of about 5 million individuals.

Citations: 1. “War and Battle Directory.” History Curriculum Homeschool. Heritage –History, n.d. Web. 23 Apr.2013

2. “Mocetezuma II.” Mocetezuma II. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2013

8) What is the middle passage? The middle passage linked Europe, Africa, and America. A voyage across the Atlantic.

Sources: 1. Give Me Liberty Seagulls Third Edition Pg. 135

4) How did Opechancanough change Virginia and U.S. history? His rebellions and surprise attacks changed Virginia.

Sources: 1. Give Me Liberty Seagulls Third Edition Pg.60-61

5) What and when was the Restoration and how did it impact the British empire and the colonies?

6) Who were Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson and how did they change U.S. history? Roger Williams is the founder of Rhode Island. Anne Hutchinson believed in woman rights and fought for them. She is the first American feminist. She lived under the Puritan rule.

Citations: 1. “Anne Hutchinson (American Religious Leader).” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web.23 Apr.2013.

                 2. “Roger Williams.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web.23 Apr.2013

7) What and when was the Glorious Revolution and how did it affect the U.S. and American Politics? The Glorious Revolution was in 1688, and it “established parliamentary supremacy once and for all and secured the Protestant succession to the throne.

Citations: Foner, Eric. “3 Creating Anglo-America.” Give Me Liberty . 3^rd.Ed New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.105.Print.

3)      What is the Columbia Exchange? The transatlantic flow of goods and people. People learned new cultures, foods, and languages.

Sources: Give Me Liberty Seagulls Third Edition Pg.22

9) Who were the Tories and how did they affect the development of American politics in the 1700s? They were found in 1834 to unite factions opposed to President Andrew Jackson. They favored federal responsibility. Tories were the opposite of the Whigs and were for the king.

Citations: “Whig and Tory (historical British Political Party).” Encyclopedia Britannica Online, Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 23. Apr.2013.

10) Who was John Peter Zenger and how is he significant to civil rights? His famous trial for freedom of press took place in 1735. He was tried for seditious libel. He was found not guilty.

Citations: Foner, Eric. “Chapter 4 Slavery, Freedom, and The Struggle For Empire.” Give Me Liberty, 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. 156-57. Print

11) What is the Riot Act?

12) What happened at the Lexington and Concord and when did it happen? The first battle of the revolutionary war, on April19, 1775. “Approximately 100 minutemen and 250 British soldiers were killed.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. A:69 Print.

13)Who was Lord Cornwallis? He was the British commander in the south. He encamped at Yorktown on a peninsula. “October 19, 1781, Cornwallis surrendered his army of 8,000 men.”

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Chapter 5 The American Revolution.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 201.209.Print.

14) What is the Bill of Rights and why is it so significant? The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution. It guarantees individual rights against infringement by the federal government.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd Ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. A:58.Print.

15) Who is Daniel Shays and how did he change American History? He started a rebellion in 1787 for debt relief through issuance of paper currency and lower taxes. He was from Massachusetts.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &,2012. A:78.Print.

16) Who were Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr and how did their relationship affect American History? Aaron Burr was from New York and represented the republicans with Thomas Jefferson as his running mate. Alexander Hamilton was “a youthful leader of the nationalists of the 1780s.” He was born on in the West Indies in 1755. Their animosity towards one another caused a duel between the which resulted in Hamilton’s death.

Citations: 1. Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr Dueled to the Death.” Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr Dueled to the Death. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2013

                 2. Foner, Eric Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.Print.

17) Who was Charles Cotesworth Pinckney and what role did he play in American politics? He was a South Carolina delegate. He explained “such bills generally begin with declaring that all men are by nature born free,” a declaration that would come “with a very bad grace, when a large part of our property consists in men who are actually born slaves.”

18) Who was John Marshall and how did he repeatedly affect U.S. history? He became a chief justice later in life. John Marshall’s supreme court had much power.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty. 3^rd Ed. New York: W. W. Norton &, 2012.Print.

19) A. Stamp Act – This took place in 1765. “Parliament required that revenue stamps be affixed to all colonial printed matter, documents, and playing cards. The act was repealed the following year.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd Ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012. A:79.Print.

B. Intolerable Acts – These acts united the colonies  in opposition to what was widely seen as a direct threat to their political freedom. These laws were passed by the British Parliament.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Chapter 5 The American Revolution.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd Ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.N.pag.Print.

C. Northwest Ordinance – This took place in 1787. The ordinance created the Northwest Territory. North of the Ohio River and West of Pennsylvania prohibited slavery.

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Glossary.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.  A:73. Print

D. Sedition Act – This took place in 1918, and 1798.

“In 191, the Sedition Act made it a crime to make spoken or printed statements that intended to cast “contempt, scorn, or disrepute.” (Pg. 732)

Citations: 1. Foner, Eric. “Chapter 19 Safe For Democracy.” Give Me Liberty. 3^rd ed. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2012.N.pag.Print

E. Marbury vs. Madison- first U.S. Supreme Court decision to declare a federal law – the Judiciary Act of 1801 –unconstitutional. This included William Marbury and Madison.

Source : Give ME Liberty Textbook Seagulls 3^rd Edition

F. Missouri Compromise – deal proposed by Kentucky Senator Henry Clay in 1820 to resolve the slave/free imbalance in Congress that would result from Missouri’s admission as a slave state. Slavery was prohibited in the remainder of the Louisiana Territory North of the Southern border of Missouri.

G. Compromise of 1850 – Complex compromise devised by Senator Henry Clay that admitted California as a Free State.

H. Dred Scott v. Sandford – U.S. Supreme Court decision in which Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the territories.

Source: Give Me Liberty Seagulls 3^rd edition Glossary A:62

I.                    13^th Amendment – this amendment was passed in 1865 I believe. It abolished slavery and any involuntary servitude.

Source: Give Me Liberty A:51

J. Compromise of 1877 – This resolved the disputed election of 1876. This marked the end of reconstruction also.

Source: A:60

20) Who was John C. Calhoun and how did he repeatedly affect American history between 1800 and 1850? He was the most prominent political philosopher in the pre-Civil War south. He was from SC and also was pro-slavery.

21) Who was Eli Whitney and how did he change both U.S. and economic history? He was from Georgia, and a Yale graduate. He invented the cotton gin, which separated the seed from cotton. This caused the United States to produce 5 million pounds of cotton.

22) Who were Gabriel Prosser and Nat Turner and what role did they play in the history of slavery? Nat Turner was the best known of all slave rebels. From South Hampton County, Virginia. He also started a slave rebellion. Gabriel Prosser was an artisan from Richmond, Virginia. He also led a famous slave revolt.

Source: ushistory.org/us/20f.asp

23) Who was Dorothea Dix and what significant role did she play in U.S. politics and women history? Dorothea Dix was a Massachusetts school teacher. She wanted more humane treatment of the insane, and was the cause of many mental hospitals made in 28 different states.

24) What was the Trail of Tears? Cherokees own term for their forced removal. This took place in 1838-1839 from the Southeast to Indian lands. Plenty were forced to march, and a lot died on the way.

25) Who were Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison? Frederick Douglass was an influential African American from the 19^th century. He wrote, “He who has endured the cruel pangs of slavery is the man to advocate liberty.” William Lloyd Garrison was an abolitionist. He also had a pamphlet named “Thoughts On African Colonization.”

26) Who was John Brown and what role did he play in starting the Civil War? John Brown was an abolitionist who was very religious. He was involved in many anti-slavery activities. For two years he promoted a war against slavery by enlisting followers.

27) What and when were Gettysburg and Vicksburg, and what was their significance to the Civil War? It was in southern Pennsylvania, July 1-3, 1863; The confederates lost at Vicksburg, and this was the turning point of the war.

Source: Give Me Liberty Seagulls Third Edition Glossary A:65

28) Who were John Wilkes Booth, Samuel Mudd, and Mary Surratt and how are they connected to the Lincoln assassination? John Wilkes Booth was the man who supposedly fired the shot that killed Lincoln. Samuel Mudd was connected as a doctor. His patient, John Wilkes Booth was Lincoln’s killer. He lied in the commission and did not reveal his knowledge of the incident. He also did not like Lincoln and his anti-slavery beliefs. Mary Surratt admitted to plotting to kidnap the president. Her son was Booth’s right hand-man.

Sources: 1. Law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/Lincolnconspiracy/mudd.html

29) What was the Freed Man’s Bureau? The reconstruction agency established in 1865 to protect the legal rights of former slaves and to assist with their education, jobs, health care, and land-owning.

Source: A:65 Give Me Liberty Seagulls Third Edition

30) Who were Andrew Johnson and Edwin M. Stanton and how did their rivalry affect Reconstruction and American history? Andrew Johnson was a politician from Tennessee. Edwin M. Stanton was a secretary of war. He was from Ohio and was anti-slavery. Stanton used his power to foster stricter Reconstruction than the President wanted. He also worked with Johnson’s enemies.

Source: Britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/563295/Edwin-M-Stanton

   

Ray Puglia Cited Sources English 112

                                                                                

Jabari Stafford

Professor Brandon

English 112

04/18/13

Ray Puglia Cited Sources

11)      "Yahoo! Mail: The Best Web-based Email!" Yahoo! Mail: The Best Web-based Email! N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2013.

2

22)      "2nd Battalion, 4th Marine Regiment." 1st Marine Division Units 5TH MARINE REGT 2nd Battalion 4th Marines. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Apr. 2013.

Ray Puglia Biography/ Research Paper English 112

Jabari Stafford

Professor Brandon

English 112

4/18/13

Ray Puglia Research Paper/Biography

In English 112, Dr. Brandon introduced us to a chest with many memories from a man he knew of named, Ray Carmine Puglia. The research activity on Ray Puglia was an entertaining way to find information in class. It was a lot better than going home and doing all the research alone. My group, which included four other individuals, was the main reason for my success in writing this biography/research paper. While doing this research, I noticed Ray Puglia had an interesting life. Our research activity for English 112 was a great way to learn more about Ray and the research process.

                Ray Puglia, born May 10^th, 1915, lived in Pennsylvania during his childhood. He attended Jefferson high school and received his diploma in 1941. Right after graduating high school, he began to work at a blue coal mine located in Pennsylvania. We were not exactly sure what year he joined the Marine Corps, but it was sometime during WWII. He served in the marines for twenty-four years, which is a decent amount of time. He spent around thirty days in Korea between June on 1950 and July of 1953. While he spent time in Korea, he was a part of the biggest land battle in the famous Korean War. His occupation in the Marine Corps most of the time included cooking or stewardship. This was discovered from his many pictures with cakes and pastries. He was also a gunnery sergeant according the additional research from my group.

There were two valuable items we located in his chest. His purple heart, which indicated he was a disabled veteran, and was wounded in action. The other item was an emblem, which said “2^nd Battalion, 4^th Marine.” The nickname was “the Magnificent Bastards.” I believe this meant he did much island hopping. Ray also met his future wife, Eva Marie, while in the marines also. They began to be friends because they both had something in common, which was being from Pennsylvania. Eva was 21 years older than Ray Puglia. Eva also served in the Marines. I am not sure of the exact date of their marriage, but Eva married Ray after her previous husband, Mr. Johnson died. Eva died before Mr. Puglia on April 17, 1969. She is buried in Arlington, VA at the Arlington National Cemetery. Ray’s sunset, I am unsure of, but it had to be after 1985, because in his chest was a letter sent from a friend. All of these precious items, pictures, and books told a sizable amount of information about Ray Puglia.

In conclusion, Ray is a man who spent a large portion of his life in the marines. These were treasured memories of his, which I know he would like to be taken care of. Altogether, Ray is not the most well-known man, but I am sure if other people were to do this assignment, they would definitely respect him for serving our country for such a long time. The group assignment on Ray Puglia is an effective way to analyze valuable items of history and learn the research process all at the same time.

Lincoln Assignment Cited Sources English 112

                                                                                “Lincoln” Cited Sources

1.) http://www.historynet.com/women-in-the-civil-war

2.) "Smithsonian.com." Smithsonian Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Apr. 2013.

3.) Lincoln. Dir. Steven Spielberg. Steven Spielberg, 2012. DVD.

Lincoln Assignment English 112

Jabari A. Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

4/15/13

                                “Lincoln” (the Movie)

In this Steven Spielberg film, it displayed Lincoln’s long journey to abolishing slavery as President. It showed many of Lincoln’s characteristics and events of his personal and political life. I discovered a great amount of new information while watching this film. The different things I saw in the movie surprised me. It is believed Lincoln used his power in good ways. Altogether, the movie had interesting facts relevant to history, although I had a difficult time staying focused. After watching “Lincoln” the third time, I understood much better than the first two times. This was a great way for classmates and I to learn more about one of the most important presidents in U.S. history.

                First of all, Lincoln was a republican in politics. He definitely was against slavery and wanted to end slavery. He was considered an abolitionist. Abe Lincoln respected African Americans, and valued their opinions. African-Americans were aware of his concern towards them and their freedom. He did not like the idea of any man being considered someone’s property. He felt like the fate of human dignity was in his hands. (Spielberg) He said “abolishing slavery by constitutional provision settles the fate for all coming time.”(Spielberg) The 13^th amendment was the cure to the Civil War. He felt the war was worthless after the 13^th amendment passed. In the movie, Lincoln said, “there is an invisible strength in the people’s union.” Simply meaning if all races are equal and become one, America will become a better country. Lincoln owned no slaves and neither did his parents. Abe had many accomplishments towards his freeing the slaves as the 16^th president of the United States. One of his accomplishments was passing the second confiscation act, which freed slaves of any one aiding the rebellion; also the “Emancipation Proclamation” and the 13^th amendment, which officially abolished slavery and also indirectly ended the Civil War. This was one of the main differences between Lincoln and Andrew Jackson. He made his profit from slavery, which is the main reason why he supported the idea of keeping slavery. Although he supported slavery, he knew when it was time for battle; all Americans have to work amongst one another. Jackson disliked blacks and Native Americans. His critics considered him a tyrant and say he utilized his powers in detrimental ways. Jackson did anything to win, such as threaten people about losing their jobs. They both differed in their utilization of presidency powers. During the Civil War every American on the Union worked with one another, as did the Confederation. Ulysses S. Grant was the Union General and Robert E. Lee was the Confederates General. There was no complete equality on either side and the races were still segregated. It seemed African-Americans were being paid less than white-Americans in the film. (Spielberg) People of America thought they were not ready for Emancipation. Some of the representatives did not like slavery, but opposed the amendment. The majority of representatives felt the amendment was by law, not about slavery. Lincoln and the republicans wanted the amendment to pass, so did not mention slavery or racial equality, but only equality under law. Everyone was concerned with ending the war rather than ending slavery. The only reason some citizens voted “yes” to pass the 13^th amendment, is because the reason for the war is to end slavery. This is the depiction of race during the civil war.

 For the assignment we were told to give a depiction of homosexuality and gender roles in Lincoln. The only example of homosexuality was when he visited John Hay’s bedroom in the midnight. He patted his thigh and rubbed his head before he left, which is unusual. Afterwards Hay asked Lincoln “did he need company?” Being that Lincoln told him he would rather be alone, I could not determine whether it showed homosexuality or not.

The women’s rights during the Civil War were extremely restricted. They were not able to do the many things men do. Women could not vote, go to war, or barely leave their homes. During the Civil War women were not considered equals at all. “Hundreds of women concealed their identities so they could battle alongside their Union and confederate counterparts.” (Smithsonian Magazine) There were also certain women who were soldiers, cooks, nurses, and also spies during the civil war. Different woman had different roles, but just could not be the same as men. (http://www.historynet.com/women-in-the-civil-war)

We were also told to give a depiction of the attitude towards the federal government. Abe Lincoln had a way with words and was able to persuade some of both parties to pass the 13^th amendment. He also told lots of stories to get his point across and lighten up the mood. Usually Lincoln, form what I saw on the film, used his power in positive ways. He was not perfect but he most certainly was not a bad individual. I respect Abraham Lincoln for his leadership during his time period in office.

In conclusion, all of Lincoln’s hard work and determination passed the 13^th amendment and changed many people’s lives in great ways. I believe although Lincoln made mistakes we should all admire him for his strong leading role in the United States of America. Him being a father, an abolitionist, a husband, and president all at the same time showed his courage and persistence. Lincoln has made a huge change for our generation and more generations to come in America. He will always be remembered in American history as one of the most prominent leaders ever.

Works Cited for my Research Question English 112

                                                                Works Cited (My Own Research Question)

"How to Contact Record Labels." WikiHow. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2013."

"Music Industry Contacts, Music Managers, A&R, Record Label Contacts, Music Producers, Music Management Companies." Music Industry Contacts, Music Managers, A&R, Record Label Contacts, Music Producers, Music Management Companies. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Apr. 2013.

My Own Research Question English 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

4/5/13

                Research question:  How to get in contact with a producer or record label?

                It only took me a few steps to find sources and an answer to my question. My first step was asking other people who are associated with music, “what is the best website to go to, or what would you do?” The second step was to utilize the internet to find more answers and sources myself. Next, was the triangulation step of the process where I find out which source is a more credible source than the other. There were only two sources I trusted for my question. First, was simply researching the record label or producer on a search engine. The website was m.wikihow.com/Contact-Record-Labels. These were answers from other people. The next source is the allmusicindustrycontacts.com. I trust the second source better because it was realistic and a better reputation. The first source seemed very unprofessional being that these suggestions were from random people. The second seemed as if it had more professionalism, and credibility. So, in conclusion, there is no short answer to my question, just a long process which will take a great amount of time.

Revision Notes On My Draft English 112

Revision of My Draft By Me

            My thesis statement was “I believe the majority of the U.S. would consider this speech powerful and agree that it has changed the present and the future.” To improve my thesis statement I could mention some reasons why it is powerful. Reasons like the rhetorical appeals, and techniques. For example, “The rhetorical appeals, ad techniques, would lead the world to agree that the speech is powerful and has changed present and future.” I shared a lot of biography because it was a last minute thing. I don’t recall myself wandering off topic. I stayed on two subjects, Patrick Henry and his speech. I also did not use the writing process, which is prewriting, drafting and more. I think if I apply these changes to my analysis I should be better off.

Peer Review Note of Holden English 112

Peer Notes on Holden Draft

I believe the thesis statement in the analysis is “the declaration of independence is the foundation on which our nation was created, and without its ideas who knows where we would be today.” I think you could find some way to mention rhetorical appeals, and techniques in the thesis statement unless; the following sentence was also part of the thesis. You explained the use of rhetorical appeals in each paragraph which was a very effective way to explain. I honestly feel you did not need a whole paragraph on logical appeals. Instead, you could tell the audience what the appeals are within the three separate paragraphs you already have. Overall, I could not find much more, and I enjoyed reading it.

Rhetorical Analysis : Patrick Henry "Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death" English 112

Jabari Stafford

English 112

Professor Brandon

3/10/13

                        Rhetorical Analysis: Patrick Henry

            “Give Me Liberty, or Give me Death!” These seven words were the conclusion, of an influential speech delivered by Patrick Henry on March 23, 1775. This took place in the Virginia House of Burgesses. He gave this speech to encourage the Virginians to fight for their right to bare arms. The speech had a beneficial effect. I believe the majority of the U.S. would consider this speech powerful and agree that it has changed the present and the future. The speech has a vast amount of strength within itself, and we should definitely keep these powerful words embedded in our hearts. Henry showed a great amount of courage during the speech, and he or his speech will never be forgotten.

Patrick Henry was a bright young boy, and was expected to be more than just a farm boy. He was born 39 years before he decided to give this speech, on May 29, 1736. His hometown was Hanover, Virginia on a plantation owned by his mother’s family. Patrick Henry did not support slavery, but was frightened by abolitionists. His mother led him to practice Presbyterian beliefs when dealing with religion. Henry went to a local school for a few years and the rest of his education was received from his father, who attended King’s College. When Patrick Henry was eighteen years old, he got married to a sixteen-year old girl whose name was Sarah Shelton. But after his wife Sarah died during spring 1775, Henry was married again on October 25, 1777 to a woman named Dorothea Danridge. Patrick’s political life began on December 1763 with his victory in the Parson’s Cause. Henry served in the Virginia House Of Delegates from 1780 to 1784. He was one of the most prominent political leaders and also one of the seven delegates. (190) Henry did not show support regarding to the 12 amendments sent by the very first congress in 1789. Patrick Henry opposed a strong centralized government, which is one of the main beliefs of anti-federalists. The Anti-federalists included Henry, Madison, Sam Adams, John Hancock and some others. He also opposed the United States constitution because it did not completely protect the rights of the people of America. Patrick Henry believed the absence of the Bill of Rights was “the most absurd thing to mankind that ever the world saw.” (265)  Henry also had many other achievements and accomplishments which changed America. He will always be an idol remembered for his impact on politics in America.

With this famous speech, “give me liberty, or give me death”, there are many changes within America. For example, in Gabriel’s rebellion, the rebels planned to carry a banner which said, “Death or liberty”, in remembrance of the words once spoken from the famous, Patrick Henry. (Norton) The speech was started saying “Mr. President: No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house.” Meaning he has the utmost respect for patriotism and believes in the American Dream. He felt he should not hold any of his thoughts back at such a time although others may disagree with his opinion. “Henry’s power as a speaker came from a unique style that combined moral appeals with blunt directness.” (190) Henry also said “it is natural to man to indulge in the illusions of hope.” This is basically saying no man will come to reality and agree that failure is a possibility. They would rather believe that there is only hope in their future. He also states the idea of baring arms. He says “They are sent over to bind and rivet upon us those chains which the British ministry have been so long forging. And what have we to oppose to them?” Henry’s intentions were to tell the Americans to let it be known that want their right to bare arms. He says how long should we sit back and be looked upon as weak. “Sir, we are not weak, if we make a proper use of the means which the God of nature hath placed in our power.” Every man may say they want peace, but there is no sign of peace. Henry says “The war is actually begun!” “I know not what course others may take; but as for me, give me liberty, or give me death.”

To get his point across to the members of the Virginia Convention, Patrick Henry utilized many forms of rhetorical appeals. The first appeal was pathos. The pathos appeal is dealing with the audience’s emotions. For example, his first sentence “No man thinks more highly than I do of the patriotism, as well as abilities, of the very worthy gentlemen who have just addressed the house.” He expresses his strong beliefs of success for America and warms the hearts of the audience. Another form of rhetorical appeals Henry used is ethos. Ethos is usually associated with experience, reputation, credibility, honesty and identification. In the speech, Henry says “I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided; and that is the lamp of experience.” The ethos appeal was used in the first two sentences also. Henry says “But different men often see the same subject in different lights; and, therefore, I hope that it will not be thought disrespectful to those gentlemen, if, entertaining as I do opinions of a character very opposite to theirs, I shall speak forth my sentiments freely and without reserve.” This shows Patrick Henry would speak his truths regardless of what the audience felt about it. The author also used rhetorical techniques to draw the audience to agree with him. First of all, identification was used to persuade the receivers of the message. Patrick says “Mr. President it is natural for man to indulge in the illusions of hope. We are apt to shut our eyes against a painful truth…” He showed an attitude that many of the men amongst him shared. Another rhetorical technique used is the very selective word choice. Patrick Henry had a way with his words throughout the whole speech. For example, he used the word “we” to include the audience he spoke to. “Sir we are not weak, if we make proper use of the means which the God of nature hath placed in our power.” The rhetorical techniques and appeals were used effectively in Henry’s speech at the Virginia House of Burgesses.

In conclusion, Henry’s speech to the men in the Virginia House of Burgesses brought hope and courage to the people there and individuals throughout America. Patrick Henry has instilled in my mind to have passion for liberty. He was truly a revolutionary hero in the 1700’s and a large contribution to the present and the future. (265) The speech, is a historical speech because of his rhetorical techniques and appeals which persuades the audience. The agenda of Henry’s speech was to promote the idea of having the right to bare arms. Patrick Henry most definitely made an impact in the political part of America. Every individual in America should remember these words of encouragement. He showed an act of bravery by speaking the truth whether anyone was offended or not. Patrick was a man who was destined to fight for our liberty in America. We all should admire Patrick Henry for his intelligence and boldness; and remember his famous words, “Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death.”

Patrick Henry Works Cited Page English 112

Jabari Stafford

Professor Brandon

English 112

3/19/13

Works Cited Page

”Patrick Henry.” Wikipedia. Wikipedia Foundation, 03 May 2013. Web. 14 Mar. 2013"

“Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty! : An American History. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. Print”

“Bill of Rights Institute: Patrick Henry.” Bill of Rights Institute Patrick Henry Comments. N.P., n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2013"

"History.org: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation's Official History and Citizenship Website." Patrick Henry : The Colonial Williamsburg Official History & Citizenship Site. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Mar. 2013"

Rhetorical Analysis Memo: Patrick Henry English 112

Memo

To: Professor Brandon

From: Jabari A Stafford

Date: 26 February, 2013

Subject: Rhetorical Analysis: Patrick Henry Speech (“Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death”)

                 I am explaining to you why I chose to complete a rhetorical analysis using this primary source. The speech by Patrick Henry is most certainly a success in my eyes. The reason for Patrick Henry’s “Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death”, speech was to put determination in the mind of his fellow citizens. Yes, I believe this speech had a great effect on the United States of America. U.S. citizens saw Henry’s motivation and his strong belief in patriotism, and this pushed them. This definitely has an impact on America today, because it is still a cherished moment. The speech was given on March 23, 1775 at St. John’s Church. Patrick Henry really had a way with words. His word choice is one of the main reasons his speech was so powerful. His rhetorical appeals and techniques were also a big part of his encouraging speech. There were appeals such as ethos, pathos, and logos and techniques such as, word choice, identification, personification and more. For example,” Mr. President, it is natural for man to indulge in the illusions of hope.” This meant almost every man will believe and hope for success no matter the circumstances. It is the natural thought of any human. These were one of the most important primary sources, and this is why I chose this particular source.